Thesis presented February 10, 2012

Abstract:
The scientific context of this thesis is related to the field of bioelectronics. The objective is the development of diamond devices for applications in analytical chemistry, clinical diagnostic or medical devices. One of the axes deals with a new technique of functionalization of hydrogenated diamond surface. This method is fast, simple, one step and does not require contribution of exogenous energy. The characterization of the grafting by FTIR allowed us to suggest a mechanism which was confirmed by the study of the reaction kinetic. We brought to light that this process ensures the achievement of a stable covalent carbon-carbon bond. This methodology is particularly well adapted to the direct immobilization of biological species. By using this grafting technic, it was possible to design DNA and proteins biochips, as well as a hydrogen peroxide third generation biosensor. Finally, the process being based on the simple stake in contact of the grafting solution with the substrate, it is possible to structure functionalized areas at the nanometric scale using Dip-Pen Nanolithography. In parallel, a new composite diamond /carbon nanotubes material was developed to increase the specific surface of the boron doped diamond electrodes and so to increase its efficiency. In this frame, a new technic of catalytic etching assisted by hot filament was used to embed nanoparticles in the diamond layer. This process allowed afterward the growth of the carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition. This methodology ensures markedly enhanced adhesion of the nanotubes on their substrate and obviates the problems of nanotubes toxicity towards their biological environment.

Keywords:
Diamond, Carbon nanotubes, Bioelectronics

On-line thesis.