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Emmanuel Suraniti

Study of membrane systems for the development of parallelised multisensors: Measuring protein-membrane and cell-antibody interactions

Published on 2 January 2007
Thesis presented in 2007

Abstract:
This thesis deals with the use of model membranes for mimicking different kind of natural lipid bilayers, in order to develop biochips on which different interactions can be followed in parallel and in real-time by use of Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRi). On the first hand, we developed a multisensor presenting different hybrid bilayer membranes (HBM), and saw that the interaction of cytochrome-c with negatively charged membranes is cooperative. We discovered that a catalytic process can occur during the formation of HBM by vesicle fusion, and found the best parameters to build complete HBMs in our 0,5 cm2 sensor in less than half an hour. The study of giant vesicles' rupture on hydrophobic surfaces permitted us to collect information about the vesicle composition dependence of this catalytic effect. On the second hand, we used giant vesicles to mimic live cells in interaction with biological surfaces, in order to check whether our SPRi system was able to detect it. Then, we developed a multisensor able to specifically detect and capture different kind of lymphocytes in concentrations as low as 10000cells/mL in a 500llL sample. A lipid membrane covering the sensors' surface permits to enhanced the specificity of the interactions, allowing us to imagine that in the near future our system will be helpful for detecting minute amounts of specific cells in a natural sample.