Thesis presented April 18, 2019

Abstract:
The study, detection and identification of pathogens is a major issue for food safety and medicine. However, bacterial pathogens present at low concentrations often require a period of more than 36 hours to be identified by standard methods. This delay is extremely constraining for areas where rapid diagnosis is a key factor. There is therefore a strong demand for the development of tools to better understand bacterial behavior and thus develop faster and more efficient detection techniques. SPR imaging systems are widely used for the analysis of molecular interactions, as they allow parallel, real-time and unlabeled measurement, while being easy to use and compatible with complex media. This technique has proven effective in the study and detection of bacteria using molecular interactions with antibodies, but detection times remain penalizing. In this context, a new imaging system allowing the study and specific detection of high-performance bacterial pathogens is being developed, taking advantage of recent advances in SPR imaging optimized in resolution. Our system improves pathogen detection times in model environments through its ability to detect individual bacteria. It can also be used to study the interaction between bacteria and specific surfaces. Initial tests show that our instrument is capable of characterizing the bacterial behaviour of several bacterial strains in interaction with surfaces functionalized by different chemical species.

Keywords:
Biosensors, Pathogen detection, Bacteria, Image processing, SPR

On-line thesis.